Niger’s government plans to build two 2 GW nuclear reactors in partnership with Russia’s state-owned nuclear company Rosatom. The country has also proposed cooperating with Russia on the development of its uranium reserves. In July 2025, Niger's Ministry of Energy and Rosatom signed a memorandum of understanding to collaborate on the peaceful use of nuclear energy. As part of the agreement, Russia has proposed the construction of a nuclear power plant in Niger, underscoring its intention to deepen its involvement in the uranium-rich West African nation.
According to the World Nuclear Association, Niger ranked as the eighth-largest producer of mined uranium in 2024. Currently, South Africa is the only African country operating a nuclear power plant, although Egypt has reactors under construction. Several other African nations, including Ghana, Algeria, Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, Nigeria, Rwanda, and Sudan, have also put forward proposals to develop nuclear power infrastructure.