USA: Several companies are developing small nuclear reactors (SMRs) that could deliver a renewable and efficient source of energy in a fraction of the space of traditional plants. These tiny reactors generate about 10 % of a full-sized nuclear plant’s output while occupying only 1o % of the area.

Designed to complement other energy sources, small reactors could gradually replace fossil fuels and provide reliable power to remote communities and smaller grids. Nuclear energy, often associated with risk, is being reimagined as a flexible, safer alternative to support the transition from coal and gas. Experts describe a future of “multispeed” nuclear energy, combining traditional large plants with smaller, scalable reactors.

“Until now, nuclear customers only had gigawatt-scale plants,” says Rita Baranwal, assistant secretary for Nuclear Energy at the US Department of Energy. “Megawatt-scale reactors can flexibly meet energy needs as demand grows.”

These small reactors are cheaper to build and operate, can be deployed anywhere, and are designed for safety and adaptability. Many use passive safety systems relying on physical laws, reducing operational risks. Their modular design allows communities or factories to add extra units as needed, ensuring scalable, reliable power.

From Enrico Fermi’s 1942 reactor at Argonne National Laboratory to modern SMRs, the focus has shifted toward safety, efficiency, and flexibility, making tiny reactors a promising addition to America’s energy future.

Source: Popular Mechanics

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